Evaluation of Serum Omentin-1 Level in Phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory condition of the paranasal sinuses and nasal mucosa. Despite significant advances in understanding its pathogenesis, CRS remains a complex condition to manage due to its heterogeneous nature. Identifying biomarkers could be beneficial in enhancing the diagnostic accuracy and guiding personalized treatment strategies for CRS patients.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate Omentin-1 usage as a biomarker in CRS patients and to investigate its functionality. Serum Omentin-1 levels were evaluated in the phenotypes of CRS, which are CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP).MethodsA total of 90 participants, including CRSwNP (n = 30), CRSsNP (n = 30), and control group (n = 30) individuals, were included in the study. Symptom severity was scored using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 questionnaire, and disease severity was assessed radiologically with the Lund-Mackay scoring system. Venous blood samples were collected from all participants to evaluate serum Omentin-1 levels.ResultsMedian serum Omentin-1 levels were 124.511 ng/ml (CRSwNP), 131.889 ng/ml (CRSsNP), and 249.138 ng/ml (Control). A significant difference in serum Omentin-1 levels was found between CRSwNP, CRSsNP, and control groups (P = .005). Additionally, significant differences were observed between the CRSwNP group and the control group (P = .015), and between the CRSsNP group and the control group (P = .014). In the CRSwNP group, serum Omentin-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with a positive skin prick test (P = .006).ConclusionIn our study, Serum Omentin-1 levels were found to be significantly lower in CRS patients compared to the control group. Additionally, in the CRSwNP group, serum Omentin-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with a positive skin prick test compared to those with a negative skin prick test. These findings suggest that Omentin-1 could serve as a potential biomarker for differentiating CRS phenotypes, particularly in CRSwNP patients, and the insights gained from these findings may highlight the potential for future comprehensive studies.