Correlation between the expression of the iNOS, caspase-3 and α-SMA genes in the parotid glands of albino rats following the administration of two antihistamines from two different generations

The administration of antihistamines resulted in changes in the rat salivary glands, which could be due to the induction of oxidative stress and the resultant apoptotic effect. These changes were suggested to occur mainly through action on muscarinic receptors; yet, action on histamine receptors could not be excluded. However; these effects were less marked with the second-generation antihistamine.