Rehabilitation Model for Post-Disaster Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome: Relaxation-Based Supervised Exercise

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effects of relaxation-based exercises on individuals experiencing post-earthquake stress-related symptoms in an earthquake-prone region. Methods This randomized, waitlist-controlled, parallel group study included 46 participants with moderate post-traumatic stress levels (Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale, PDS) and anxiety for over 1 month (Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI score > 8). Participants were randomly assigned to a relaxation-based exercise group (REG, n = 24) or a waitlist control group (CG, n = 25). The REG received relaxation-based structured, supervised exercises for 4 weeks, while the CG awaited treatment. Assessments included the PDS, BAI, Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale-10, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and SF-12 Quality of Life Scale at baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention. Results Within-group analysis showed significant improvements in anxiety ( P = 0.001), depression ( P = 0.001), perceived stress ( P = 0.001), and sleep quality ( P = 0.001) for the REG. The CG showed decreased depression symptoms ( P = 0.011) and improved sleep quality ( P = 0.012). There were no significant group differences in quality-of-life outcomes ( P > 0.05), though REG showed greater improvement in depression and perceived stress scores ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Relaxation-based exercises can improve sleep quality in individuals experiencing post-earthquake stress, and reduce depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. This approach can be used as a novel rehabilitation model in preventive mental health for the community.