An evaluation of nivolumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma

Introduction For decades, first line treatment for advanced/metastatic urothelial cancer has been platinum-based chemotherapy. However, many patients do not respond to platinum-based chemotherapy alone, and the vast majority do not have durable responses. While immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated benefit in this setting, initial trials of concurrent chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade did not demonstrate improvements in overall survival.