Imaging of myocardial infarction using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: a human study using a multi-parametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging approach

We could demonstrate in humans that USPIO-based contrast agents enable a more detailed characterization of myocardial infarct pathology mainly by detecting infiltrating macrophages. Considering the multi-functionality of USPIO-based particles and their superior safety profile compared with gadolinium-based compounds, these observations open up new vistas for the clinical application of USPIO.