残余应力
材料科学
残余物
压力(语言学)
结构工程
计算机科学
复合材料
算法
工程类
语言学
哲学
作者
Philip J. Withers,H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
标识
DOI:10.1179/026708301101509980
摘要
AbstractResidual stress is that which remains in a body that is stationary and at equilibrium with its surroundings. It can be very detrimental to the performance of a material or the life of a component. Alternatively, beneficial residual stresses can be introduced deliberately. Residual stresses are more difficult to predict than the in-service stresses on which they superimpose. For this reason, it is important to have reliable methods for the measurement of these stresses and to understand the level of information they can provide. In this paper, which is the first part of a two part overview, the effect of residual stresses on fatigue lifetimes and structural integrity are first summarised, followed by the definition and measurement of residual stresses. Different types of stress are characterised according to the characteristic length scale over which they self-equilibrate. By comparing this length to the gauge volume of each technique, the capability of a range of techniques is assessed. In the second part of the overview, the different nature and origins of residual stress for various classes of material are examined.
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