铁载体
青枯菌
枯草芽孢杆菌
生物
次生代谢物
青枯病
微生物学
叶圈
细菌
生物化学
基因
病菌
遗传学
作者
Sapna Chandwani,Sahabram Dewala,Sonal Manik Chavan,Dhiraj Paul,Raman Pachaiappan,Muthukaruppan Gopi,Natarajan Amaresan
标识
DOI:10.1093/jambio/lxad066
摘要
The aims of this study were to explore the antagonistic potential of siderophore-producing Bacillus subtilis (CWTS 5) for the suppression of Ralstonia solanacearum and to explore the mechanisms of inhibition by FTIR, LC-MS, and whole genome analysis.A siderophore-producing B. subtilis (CWTS 5) possessing several plant growth-promoting properties such as IAA and ACC deaminase production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation was assessed for its inhibitory effect against R. solanacearum, and its mechanisms were explored by in vitro and in vivo analyses. The active secondary metabolites in the siderophore extracts were identified as 2-deoxystreptamine, miserotoxin, fumitremorgin C, pipercide, pipernonaline, gingerone A, and deoxyvasicinone by LC-MS analysis. The Arnow's test and antiSMASH analysis confirmed the presence of catecholate siderophores, and the functional groups determined by FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of secondary metabolites in the siderophore extract possessing antagonistic effect. The complete genome sequence of CWTS 5 revealed the gene clusters responsible for siderophore, antibiotics, secondary metabolite production, and antibacterial and antifungal metabolites. Furthermore, the evaluation of CWTS 5 against R. solanacearum in pot studies demonstrated 40.0% reduced disease severity index (DSI) by CWTS 5, methanolic extract (DSI-26.6%), ethyl acetate extract (DSI-20.0%), and increased plant growth such as root and shoot length, wet weight and dry weight of Solanum lycopersicum L. owing to its antagonistic potential. This genomic insight will support future studies on the application of B. subtilis as a plant growth promoter and biocontrol agent against R. solanacearum for bacterial wilt management.The results of this study revealed that B. subtilis (CWTS 5) possesses multiple mechanisms that control R. solanacearum, reduce disease incidence, and improve S. lycopersicum growth.
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