Seven Anti-Inflammatory Diarylheptanoid-Indole Alkaloid Hybrids from the Fruits of Amomum maximum

Seven novel diarylheptanoid-indole hybrid alkaloids (1-7) were isolated and characterized from the fruits of Amomum maximum. Their structures were elucidated through a combination of spectroscopic analyses and quantum chemical calculations, with a plausible biosynthetic pathway proposed. Biological evaluation demonstrated that compounds 1-4 and 7 exhibited comparable or superior anti-inflammatory activity to dexamethasone in suppressing the release of NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS/IFN-γ-activated RAW264.7 murine macrophages.