Solvent Properties

Solvents are essential reaction media in coordination chemistry. The yields of the products and the underlying mechanism of chemical reactions or equilibria of chemical species in solution depend on the solvents and their properties. This chapter presents the types of solvents including newly developed supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents. Then, the macroscopic properties of solvents are described in terms of conventional physicochemical parameters, such as dielectric constants, polarity, etc. Finally, examples of various solvent parameters proposed are given to characterize the properties of solvents.