Advanced functional fluorescent probes for cell plasma membranes

Imaging the plasma membrane (PM) by fluorescence techniques using molecular fluorescent probes enable cell segmentation, studying membrane organization and dynamics, formation, and tracking of vesicles. Rational molecular design brings fluorescent PM probes to a new level, providing PM probes with new functions beyond basic PM staining and imaging. We herein review the latest advances in fluorescent PM probes for chemical and biophysical sensing as well as for super-resolution imaging.