医学
内科学
临床终点
安慰剂
结直肠癌
随机对照试验
癌症
胃肠病学
外科
不利影响
随机化
肿瘤科
病理
替代医学
作者
Jin Li,Shukui Qin,Rui Xu,Lin Shen,Jianming Xu,Yuxian Bai,Lei Yang,Yanhong Deng,Zhen Dong Chen,Zhong Huang,Hongming Pan,Weijian Guo,Yongqian Shu,Ying Yuan,Jianfeng Zhou,Nong Xu,Tianshu Liu,Ding Ma,Changping Wu,Ying Cheng,Donghui Chen,Wei Li,Shuai Sun,Yu Zhang,Peiguo Cao,Haihui Chen,Jiejun Wang,Shubin Wang,Hongbing Wang,ST Fan,Yi-Jun Hua,Weiguo Su
出处
期刊:JAMA
[American Medical Association]
日期:2018-06-26
卷期号:319 (24): 2486-2486
被引量:212
标识
DOI:10.1001/jama.2018.7855
摘要
Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) have limited effective and tolerable treatment options.To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral fruquintinib, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, as third-line or later therapy in patients with metastatic CRC.FRESCO (Fruquintinib Efficacy and Safety in 3+ Line Colorectal Cancer Patients) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter (28 hospitals in China), phase 3 clinical trial. From December 2014 to May 2016, screening took place among 519 patients aged 18 to 75 years who had metastatic CRC that progressed after at least 2 lines of chemotherapy but had not received VEGFR inhibitor therapy; 416 met the eligibility criteria and were stratified by prior anti-VEGF therapy and K-ras status. The final date of follow-up was January 17, 2017.Patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive either fruquintinib, 5 mg (n = 278) or placebo (n = 138) orally, once daily for 21 days, followed by 7 days off in 28-day cycles, until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or study withdrawal.The primary end point was overall survival. Key secondary efficacy endpoints were progression-free survival (time from randomization to disease progression or death), objective response rate (confirmed complete or partial response), and disease control rate (complete or partial response, or stable disease recorded ≥8 weeks postrandomization). Duration of response was also assessed. Safety outcomes included treatment-emergent adverse events.Of the 416 randomized patients (mean age, 54.6 years; 161 [38.7%] women), 404 (97.1%) completed the trial. Median overall survival was significantly prolonged with fruquintinib compared with placebo (9.3 months [95% CI, 8.2-10.5] vs 6.6 months [95% CI, 5.9-8.1]); hazard ratio (HR) for death, 0.65 (95% CI, 0.51-0.83; P < .001). Median progression-free survival was also significantly increased with fruquintinib (3.7 months [95% CI, 3.7-4.6] vs 1.8 months [95% CI, 1.8-1.8] months); HR for progression or death, 0.26 (95% CI, 0.21 to 0.34; P < .001). Grades 3 and 4 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 61.2% (170) of patients who received fruquintinib and 19.7% (27) who received placebo. Serious adverse events were reported by 15.5% (43) of patients in the fruquintinib group and 5.8% (8) in the placebo group, with 14.4% (40) of fruquintinib-treated and 5.1% (7) of placebo-treated patients requiring hospitalization.Among Chinese patients with metastatic CRC who had tumor progression following at least 2 prior chemotherapy regimens, oral fruquintinib compared with placebo resulted in a statistically significant increase in overall survival. Further research is needed to assess efficacy outside of China.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02314819.