Potential and problems of high-temperature electronics and CMOS integrated circuits (25–250°C) - an overview

A brief overview of high-temperature integrated circuit technologies is presented. General comparisons of the high-temperature performance and relative merits of several semiconductor materials, technologies, devices and digital and analog circuits are highlighted. Important advances and developments of the last three decades are outlined, which reflect the prominence of MOSFET technologies. Shortcomings of the temperature models in standard IC computer-aided-design (CAD) programs are summarized and a discussion of near-and long-term research and development needs for high-temperature integrated electronics is presented.