A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation

Abstract Objectives: The objectives of this systematic review were to assess the survival rate of grafts and implants placed with sinus floor elevation. Material and Methods: An electronic search was conducted to identify studies on sinus floor elevation, with a mean follow‐up time of at least 1 year after functional loading. Results: The search provided 839 titles. Full‐text analysis was performed for 175 articles resulting in 48 studies that met the inclusion criteria, reporting on 12,020 implants. Meta‐analysis indicated an estimated annual failure rate of 3.48% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.48%–4.88%] translating into a 3‐year implant survival of 90.1% (95% CI: 86.4%–92.8%). However, when failure rates was analyzed on the subject level, the estimated annual failure was 6.04% (95% CI: 3.87%–9.43%) translating into 16.6% (95% CI: 10.9%–24.6%) of the subjects experiencing implant loss over 3 years. Conclusion: The insertion of dental implants in combination with maxillary sinus floor elevation is a predictable treatment method showing high implant survival rates and low incidences of surgical complications. The best results (98.3% implant survival after 3 years) were obtained using rough surface implants with membrane coverage of the lateral window.