Advances in Biomarkers of Aquatic Animals for Monitoring Heavy Metal Contamination

The increasing occurrence of heavy metal contamination in aquatic environment not only leads to aquatic ecosystem destruction,but also menaces human health. As the sensitive indicator organism,aquatic animals respond to heavy metal contamination immediately with corresponding physiological and biochemical changes. Biomarkers of aquatic animals for monitoring heavy metal contamination include exposure biomarker,effect biomarker and susceptibility biomarker. In this paper,advances in biomarkers of aquatic animals for early diagnosis of heavy metal contamination in aquatic environment and risk assessment of heavy metal on aquatic animal survival were reviewed.