Phytochemical Compositions, and Antioxidant Activities of Different Cultivars of Prunus Salicina Lindl. in Southern China

There are representative Prunus salicina Lindl. (plum) cultivars in the different provinces of Southern China. However, little data is available on the physiochemical characteristics of those plums. In this study, the fruit weight and size, edible rate, rate of juice, color, moisture, total soluble solids, total acids, ascorbic acid (AA), reducing sugar, polysaccharide, total polyphenols, total tannins, total anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, and phenolic composition of 11 plum varieties in Southern China were analyzed. The results showed that the content of reducing sugar, AA, polysaccharide, total polyphenols, total tannins, and total anthocyanins in different cultivars were in the range of 3.09-10.48 g/100 g, 2.30-14.75 mg/100g dry weight (DW), 0.78-2.20 g/100 g, 20.73-41.18 mg/g DW, 0.42-1.09 mg/g DW, and 1.80-8.95 mg/g DW, respectively. 11 phenolic compounds were identified in plums by UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. Cultivar 'Da Pao' showed the highest level of total polyphenols, and FRAP values, while cultivar 'San Hua' had the highest content of total anthocyanins, DPPH·, and ABTS+· values. Principal component analysis separated cultivars according to their physiochemical characteristics. This study provides reference information for consumers, and the further deep processing of those plums.