[Relationship between blood uric acid levels and body composition in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome].

Objective: To analyze the difference in blood uric acid levels between patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy women of childbearing age, and to investigate the correlation between body composition and blood uric acid levels. Methods: A total of 153 eligible childbearing age patients with PCOS treated at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2018 to March 2022 were selected, and 153 healthy women with normal menstruation were selected as the control group. Fasting blood uric acid levels were measured by venous blood test, and body composition was measured by a body composition analyzer. Group comparisons were made to analyze the correlation between body composition and blood uric acid levels. Results: The incidence of hyperuricemia was higher in patients with PCOS than that in the control group [30.1% (46/153) vs 2.0% (3/153)], with a statistically significant difference (χ2=44.429, P<0.001). Blood uric acid level was also significantly higher in patients with PCOS than that in the control group [(371±98) vs (265±67) μmol/L; t=11.170, P<0.001]. Among PCOS patients, there were statistically significant differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, percent body fat, lean body weight, fat mass/lean body weight, percent skeletal muscle, and visceral fat level between the hyperuricemia group and the normal blood uric acid group (all P<0.001), but no significant difference was observed in waist-hip ratio (P=0.348). The following body composition indicators: weight, BMI, waist-hip ratio, body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, percent body fat, visceral fat level, lean body weight, and fat mass/lean body weight in all subjects, the PCOS patients and the control group, were positively correlated with blood uric acid levels (all P<0.01). The blood uric acid level in PCOS obese patients was higher than that in non-obese PCOS patients, and the difference was statistically significant [(425±83) vs (336±91) μmol/L; t=6.133, P<0.001]. The blood uric acid level in central obesity PCOS patients was also higher than that in non-central obesity PCOS patients [(385±95) vs (299±79) μmol/L], the difference was statistically significant (t=4.261, P<0.001). The blood uric acid level in normal-weight obese PCOS patients was higher than that in normal-weight non-obese PCOS patients [(333±73) vs (277±54) μmol/L], and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.848, P=0.006). Blood uric acid levels in normal-weight [(315±74) vs (255±67) μmol/L], overweight [(362±102) vs (276±57) μmol/L], and obese PCOS patients [(425±83) vs (303±74) μmol/L] were all higher than those in the corresponding control groups, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). Conclusions: PCOS patients have a higher incidence of hyperuricemia than healthy women of childbearing age. Blood uric acid levels are closely correlated with body composition indicators, such as weight, BMI, waist-hip ratio, body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, percent body fat, and visceral fat level. Body composition analysis of women with PCOS could help identify potentially obese people more accurately and carry out individualized treatment, thereby reducing the risk of metabolic abnormalities.目的： 对多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者与健康育龄期妇女的血尿酸水平差异进行分析，并研究人体组成成分与血尿酸水平之间的相关性。 方法： 收集2018年1月至2022年3月于天津医科大学总医院诊治的18~44岁PCOS患者，选取其中符合纳入及排除标准的患者共153例（PCOS组）；同期选取月经正常的健康妇女153例纳入对照组。采集静脉血测定空腹血尿酸水平，用人体成分检测仪测量人体组成成分；分组比较血尿酸水平的差异，并分析人体组成成分与血尿酸水平的相关性。 结果： PCOS组患者高尿酸血症的发生率高于对照组，分别为30.1%（46/153）、2.0%（3/153），两组比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2=44.429，P<0.001）。PCOS组患者的血尿酸水平高于对照组，分别为（371±98）、（265±67）μmol/L，差异有统计学意义（t=11.170，P<0.001）。PCOS高尿酸血症组与PCOS非高尿酸血症组的体重、体重指数（BMI）、体脂肪含量、骨骼肌含量、体脂率、去脂体重、脂肪量/去脂体重、骨骼肌率、内脏脂肪等级之间的差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.001），但腰臀比未见明显差异（P=0.348）。全部入组对象、PCOS组及对照组的人体组成成分指标，包括体重、BMI、腰臀比、体脂肪含量、骨骼肌含量、体脂率、内脏脂肪等级、去脂体重、脂肪量/去脂体重均与血尿酸水平呈正相关（P均<0.01）。PCOS肥胖组的血尿酸水平高于PCOS非肥胖组，分别为（425±83）、（336±91）μmol/L，差异有统计学意义（t=6.133，P<0.001）。PCOS中心性肥胖组的血尿酸水平较PCOS非中心性肥胖组高，分别为（385±95）、（299±79）μmol/L，差异有统计学意义（t=4.261，P<0.001）。PCOS正常体重肥胖组的血尿酸水平较PCOS正常体重非肥胖组高，分别为（333±73）、（277±54）μmol/L，差异有统计学意义（t=2.848，P=0.006）。PCOS组正常体重患者［分别为（315±75）、（255±67）μmol/L］、超重患者［分别为（362±102）、（276±57）μmol/L］、肥胖患者［分别为（425±83）、（303±74）μmol/L］的血尿酸水平均高于相应的对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.001）。 结论： PCOS患者较正常育龄期妇女具有较高的高尿酸血症发生率。血尿酸水平与人体组成成分中的相关指标，包括体重、BMI、腰臀比、体脂肪含量、骨骼肌含量、体脂率、内脏脂肪等级等具有密切相关性。对PCOS患者进行人体组成成分分析有助于更准确地识别潜在肥胖人群，开展个体化治疗，降低代谢异常风险。.