Performance Evaluation of Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structures - A Review

One of the most important human-caused drivers of global warming is the greenhouse gases that are released into the atmosphere because of the ongoing combustion of fossil fuels. Each passing day, significant quantities of carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and nitrous oxide are emitted into the Earth's atmosphere. The ability to generate wind energy depends on the rated wind speed, turbine efficiency, hub height, and distance between neighboring turbines, all of which can have an adverse effect. High wind and wave dynamic stresses, in addition to current and additional loads like ice and earthquake, make an adverse impact. For the dynamic analysis, controlling of tower height and blade vibrations is particularly crucial. The performance of an offshore wind turbine's support structure is influenced by environmental, geographic, and loading parameters is reviewed in this study. Aero-hydrodynamic loads have a big impact when they move in a colinear direction, but their effects when moving in opposite directions are still up for debate. The substructure, such as a monopile, jacket, or tripod foundation, is crucial to the support of the fixed and mooring lines for the floating structure when designing a wind turbine. The most well-known open-source numerical programme for floating offshore wind turbines is OpenFAST.