Bias‐Switchable Volatile and Nonvolatile Multifunctional Photoelectric Memristors Based on MXene Quantum Dots for Efficient Selective Encryption‐Decryption and Recognition

Abstract Confronted with the surge in information volume, ensuring the security and efficiency of information transmission is crucial. Therefore, a selective encryption strategy is necessary. It involves pre‐identifying image information and deciding whether to encrypt it based on its importance. Given the low efficiency of manual identification, there is an urgent need to develop a fast and efficient image recognition module to ensure the effective processing of decrypted data. However, in previous studies, encryption, decryption, and image recognition are implemented by separate modules, which require additional circuit connections and limit system flexibility. This study proposes a photoelectric memristor based on MXene quantum dots (MQDs) that exhibits stable volatile and nonvolatile functions under electrical control. Using this multifunctional device, integrated encryption, decryption, and image recognition into a single array, achieving the desired functions through programmed control of light and electrical signals, thereby increasing device utilization by 100%. Through image recognition technology, the volume of data that needs to be encrypted is reduced, and when the data volume is reduced to 30% of its original size, the information transmission speed is tripled. This neuromorphic device provides an effective solution for achieving an efficient and energy‐saving encryption, decryption, and recognition system.