Inflammatory Bridges: Interconnections Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Bone Health

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that predominantly affects the elderly and is characterized by complex pathogenesis. Within the unified framework of the ANT, the introduction of B (the disruption of the blood-brain barrier) facilitates communication between the brain and the periphery through the blood-brain barrier. In this context, inflammatory factors act as a bridge, and the neuroinflammation hypothesis is gaining increasing acceptance. This hypothesis involves the abnormal activation of microglia, the release of inflammatory mediators, and damage to astrocytes, which leads to blood-brain barrier impairment and subsequently triggers systemic inflammation. Bone health is associated with conditions such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. This hypothesis establishes a link between Alzheimer's disease and bone health. The present article aims to construct an inflammatory bridge between brain and bone health by summarizing the shared mechanisms between the two, specifically focusing on age-related NLRP3-induced pyroptosis, advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, macrophage autophagy and lysosomal function, and calcium ion dysregulation. Additionally, it reviews the latest therapeutic approaches to explore potential clinical treatments related to the connection between Alzheimer's disease and bone health through these shared mechanisms.