Review of collagen type I-based hydrogels: focus on composition-structure-properties relationships

Abstract This review explores each stage of Collagen type I (Coll-I) hydrogel development, highlighting how sourcing, extraction, solubilization, and modification (e.g . , blending, crosslinking, and composite formation) influence its gelation, and structural, mechanical, and biological properties. By clarifying key interrelations among these characteristics, this work serves as a valuable guide for scientists designing next-generation of Coll-I-based hydrogels with optimized properties for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.