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Research Progress of Genomics Applications in Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants: A Case Study in Safflower

基因组学 生物 计算生物学 生物技术 基因组 遗传学 基因
作者
Zhihua Wu,Yan Na Hu,Rui Hao,Ruting Li,Xiaona Lu,Mdachi Winfrida Itale,Yuan Yang,Xiaoxian Zhu,Jiaqiang Zhang,Longxiang Wang,Meihao Sun,Xianfei Hou
出处
期刊:International Journal of Molecular Sciences [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
卷期号:26 (8): 3867-3867
标识
DOI:10.3390/ijms26083867
摘要

Medicinal plants, recognized as significant natural resources, have gained prominence in response to the increasing global demand for herbal medicines, necessitating the large-scale production of these plants and their derivatives. Medicinal plants are exposed to a variety of internal and external factors that interact to influence the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. With the rapid development of omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, multi-omics technologies have become important tools for revealing the complexity and functionality of organisms. They are conducive to further uncovering the biological activities of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants and clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the production of secondary metabolites. Also, artificial intelligence (AI) technology accelerates the comprehensive utilization of high-dimensional datasets and offers transformative potential for multi-omics analysis. However, there is currently no systematic review summarizing the genomic mechanisms of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in medicinal plants. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has rich and diverse bioactive flavonoids, among of which Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is specific to safflower and emerging as a potential medication for treating a wide range of diseases. Hence, significant progress has been made in the study of safflower as an excellent example for the regulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants in recent years. Here, we review the progress on the understanding of the regulation of main secondary metabolites at the multi-omics level, and summarize the influence of various factors on their types and contents, with a particular focus on safflower flavonoids. This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the regulatory mechanisms of secondary metabolite biosynthesis from the perspective of genomics.

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