肿瘤微环境
医学
癌症
药物开发
血管生成
癌症研究
药品
癌细胞
生物信息学
药理学
生物
内科学
作者
Megan C. Cox,Rita Mendes,Kathleen N. Halwachs,Giacomo Domenici,Catarina Brito,Erwin R. Boghaert
标识
DOI:10.1080/17460441.2023.2216016
摘要
Identifying effective cancer drugs remains an inefficient process. Drug efficacy in traditional preclinical cancer models translates poorly into therapy in the clinic. Implementation of preclinical models that incorporate the tumor microenvironment (TME) is needed to improve selection of active drugs prior to clinical trials.Progression of cancer results from the behavior of cancer cells in concert with the host's histopathological background. Nonetheless, complex preclinical models with a relevant microenvironment have yet to become an integral part of drug development. This review discusses existing models and provides a synopsis of active areas of cancer drug development where implementation would be of value. Their contribution to finding therapeutics in immune oncology, angiogenesis, regulated cell death and targeting tumor fibroblasts as well as optimization of drug delivery, combination therapy, and biomarkers of efficacy is considered.Complex tumor models in vitro (CTMIVs) that mimic the organotypic architecture of neoplastic tumors have boosted research into TME influence on traditional cytoreductive chemotherapy as well as the detection of specific TME targets. Despite advances in technical prowess, CTMIVs can only address specific aspects of cancer pathophysiology.
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