N-acetylneuramic acid and 3ʹ-sialyllactose Supplementation Unlock Shared and Unique Atheroprotective Mechanisms through the Gut-Liver-Coronary Axis in Hypercholesterolemic LDLR⁻/⁻ Mice

Background: Atherosclerosis remains a major global health burden. Sialic acid (N-Acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac) and its derivative 3ʹ-sialyllactose (3'-SL) show potential for prevention, but their mechanisms of action are unclear. This...