Immunotherapy in patients with local HPV infection and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion following uterine cervical conization

Objective To establish the clearance of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection following postoperative immunotherapy with inosine pranobex in women receiving surgical treatment of established high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) of the uterine cervix.Materials and methods Over the six-year study period, 32 women with cervical HPV infection following electroconization (loop electrosurgical excision procedure) of the uterine cervix for established HSIL were randomly divided into two groups: I (n = 10) without and II (n = 22) with postoperative inosine pranobex immunotherapy. Follow-up after 24 and 48 months included cervical testing for HPV persistence and after 12, 24, and 48 months with cytology and colposcopy for dysplasia relapse (confirmed histologically).Results Relapse monitoring in 32 women after 12 months revealed 1 and 0 HSIL positive in groups I and II, respectively; after 24 months an additional 3 patients in each group were positive; and after 48 months an additional 3 and 1 patients were positive in groups I and II, respectively (p < .05). The groups significantly differed (p < .05) with regard to clearing the most common high-risk HPV genotypes (HPV 16 and HPV 56).Conclusions Inosine pranobex immunotherapy in HPV-positive patients following cervical conization significantly increased the clearance of viral infection with high-risk genotypes and reduced relapse of HSIL.