A combination of a graphene quantum dots–cationic red dye donor–acceptor pair and cucurbit[7]uril as a supramolecular sensor for ultrasensitive detection of cancer biomarkers spermine and spermidine

The use of a GQDs-based donor–acceptor pair in affinity-driven supramolecular sensing was first time introduced by the strategic introduction of a cavitand, CB[7] for selective and sensitive detection of spermine and spermidine under physiological conditions via a ratiometric response.