染色体体
类胡萝卜素
植物烯
生物
叶黄素
叶绿体
蛋白质组
生物化学
柑橘天堂
叶黄素
虾青素
柑橘×冬青
质体
紫黄质
八氢番茄红素脱氢酶
橙色(颜色)
植物
玉米黄质
番茄红素
芸香科
食品科学
基因
生物合成
作者
Yun Liu,Junli Ye,Man Zhu,Ross G. Atkinson,Yingzi Zhang,Xiongjie Zheng,Jiao Lu,Zhen Yu Cao,Jun Peng,Chunmei Shi,Zongzhou Xie,Robert M. Larkin,Niels J. Nieuwenhuizen,Charles Ampomah‐Dwamena,Chuanwu Chen,Rui Wang,Xiaozhou Luo,Yunjiang Cheng,Xiuxin Deng,Yunliu Zeng
摘要
Chromoplasts act as a metabolic sink for carotenoids, in which plastoglobules serve as versatile lipoprotein particles. PGs in chloroplasts have been characterized. However, the features of PGs from non-photosynthetic plastids are poorly understood. We found that the development of chromoplast plastoglobules (CPGs) in globular and crystalloid chromoplasts of citrus is associated with alterations in carotenoid storage. Using Nycodenz density gradient ultracentrifugation, an efficient protocol for isolating highly purified CPGs from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) pulp was established. Forty-four proteins were defined as likely comprise the core proteome of CPGs using comparative proteomics analysis. Lipidome analysis of different chromoplast microcompartments revealed that the nonpolar microenvironment within CPGs was modified by 35 triacylglycerides, two sitosterol esters, and one stigmasterol ester. Manipulation of the CPG-localized gene CsELT1 (esterase/lipase/thioesterase) in citrus calli resulted in increased lipids and carotenoids, which is further evidence that the nonpolar microenvironment of CPGs contributes to carotenoid accumulation and storage in the chromoplasts. This multi-feature analysis of CPGs sheds new light on the role of chromoplasts in carotenoid metabolism, paving the way for manipulating carotenoid content in citrus fruit and other crops.
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