A dual-fluorescence approach for turn-on ammonia and turn-off explosive picric acid detection via ESIPT inhibition: experimental, theoretical, and biological studies

for picric acid. Additionally, AMN shows ratiometric fluorescence upon interaction with BSA and ct DNA, accompanied by notable absorption changes. These findings, supported by UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, NMR, molecular docking, and DFT studies, underscore the potential of AMN as a multifunctional fluorescent sensor for environmental and biological applications.