收敛演化
适应(眼睛)
生物
趋同(经济学)
极端微生物
基因复制
进化生物学
分子进化
基因
基因组学
计算生物学
基因组
遗传学
系统发育学
经济
神经科学
经济增长
细菌
嗜热菌
作者
Shaohua Xu,Jiayan Wang,Zixiao Guo,Ziwen He,Suhua Shi
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100117
摘要
Convergent evolution is especially common in plants that have independently adapted to the same extreme environments (i.e., extremophile plants). The recent burst of omics data has alleviated many limitations that have hampered molecular convergence studies of non-model extremophile plants. In this review, we summarize cases of genomic convergence in these taxa to examine the extent and type of genomic convergence during the process of adaptation to extreme environments. Despite being well studied by candidate gene approaches, convergent evolution at individual sites is rare and often has a high false-positive rate when assessed in whole genomes. By contrast, genomic convergence at higher genetic levels has been detected during adaptation to the same extreme environments. Examples include the convergence of biological pathways and changes in gene expression, gene copy number, amino acid usage, and GC content. Higher convergence levels play important roles in the adaptive evolution of extremophiles and may be more frequent and involve more genes. In several cases, multiple types of convergence events have been found to co-occur. However, empirical and theoretical studies of this higher level convergent evolution are still limited. In conclusion, both the development of powerful approaches and the detection of convergence at various genetic levels are needed to further reveal the genetic mechanisms of plant adaptation to extreme environments.
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