收缩率
石墨烯
多孔性
自愈水凝胶
表面张力
毛细管作用
氧化物
材料科学
复合材料
碳纤维
微观结构
润湿
蒸发
化学工程
纳米技术
复合数
高分子化学
冶金
热力学
物理
工程类
量子力学
作者
Changsheng Qi,Chong Luo,Ying Tao,Wei Lv,Chen Zhang,Yaohua Deng,Huan Li,Junwei Han,Guowei Ling,Quan‐Hong Yang
标识
DOI:10.1007/s40843-019-1227-7
摘要
Conventional carbon materials cannot combine high density and high porosity, which are required in many applications, typically for energy storage under a limited space. A novel highly dense yet porous carbon has previously been produced from a three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) hydrogel by evaporation-induced drying. Here the mechanism of such a network shrinkage in r-GO hydrogel is specifically illustrated by the use of water and 1,4-dioxane, which have a sole difference in surface tension. As a result, the surface tension of the evaporating solvent determines the capillary forces in the nanochannels, which causes shrinkage of the r-GO network. More promisingly, the selection of a solvent with a known surface tension can precisely tune the microstructure associated with the density and porosity of the resulting porous carbon, rendering the porous carbon materials great potential in practical devices with high volumetric performance.
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