The braking performance of large-scale freight vehicle is an important influencing factor to braking safety. Presently, the utility ratio of disk brake in large-scale freight vehicle is low. In this paper, comparative test study on disk and drum brake mounted in semitrailer is conducted, including building and installing methods of the test system, test method and evaluation of test result. The test result shows that the disk brake can provide semitrailer with larger brake torque and better thermal stability. It is of more obvious advantages than drum brake.