Recent Advances in Nickel-Based Catalysts for Hydrogenation Reactions: Deactivation Mechanisms and Design Principles

Nickel-based heterogeneous catalysts occupy a vital position in numerous chemical transformations, such as oxidation, reforming, and hydrogenation reactions. Notably, they have garnered increased attention across varied hydrogenation systems in recent years due to their earth abundance, low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, coupled with versatile coordination properties. Nevertheless, the complex and multipathway deactivation of Ni-based catalysts during hydrogenation processes significantly degrades the catalytic efficiency and recyclability, as well as lifespan, which restricts their large-scale use. Herein, we focus on the deactivation research of Ni-based catalysts in multiple hydrogenation systems involving CO2, CO, palm oil, furan, etc. To begin, this review outlines and discusses the application of Ni-based catalytic materials in diverse hydrogenation reactions. Then, the deactivation mechanisms of Ni-based hydrogenation catalysts, coupled with corresponding mitigation methods, are systemically elaborated. Thereafter, we thoroughly explore and summarize the fundamental design principles for upgradation of the hydrogenation stability, including innovative design strategies like single-atom alloys and intermetallic compounds. Current challenges and future prospects are also proposed, aiming to provide valuable insights into the development of robust Ni-based catalytic systems for hydrogenation reduction processes.