Objective :To observe the variations of serum concentration of cardiac tropnin I(cTnI) and myoglobin(Myo) in the patients after heart surgery operation at different time, and to evaluate the clinical value of cTnI and Myo in determining the extent of myocardial injury . Methods :The cases undergoing surgery operation were randomly divided into 2 groups and serum concentration of cTnI and Myo in heart operation group and in control group who were the thoracic surgery operation patients were measured by chemiluminescent immnoassay at 48h after operation. Results :Serum levels of cTnI and Myo in heart operation group increased significantly after operation.To a certain extent serum Myo of control group also increased but cTnI did not increase. Conclusions :It seems that cTnI and Myo have important significance to determine the prognosis of heart surgery operation ,whereas cTnI may play the more important role in evaluating myocardial injury.