成核
生物矿化
矿化(土壤科学)
动力学
无定形磷酸钙
化学
小角X射线散射
化学工程
矿化组织
生物物理学
相(物质)
结晶学
材料科学
磷酸盐
散射
复合材料
生物化学
有机化学
物理
工程类
光学
生物
量子力学
氮气
牙本质
作者
Doyoon Kim,Byeongdu Lee,Stavros Thomopoulos,Young‐Shin Jun
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00864
摘要
We revealed that nucleation sites within collagen fibrils determined pathways for calcium phosphate (CaP) nucleation and its transformation, from amorphous species to crystalline plates, during the biomineralization process. Using in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), we examined the nucleation and growth of CaP within collagen matrices and elucidated how a nucleation inhibitor, polyaspartic acid (pAsp), governs mineralization kinetics and pathways at multiple length scales. Mineralization without pAsp led initially to spherical aggregates of CaP in the entire extrafibrillar spaces. With time, the spherical aggregates transformed into plates at the outermost surface of the collagen matrix, preventing intrafibrillar mineralization inside. However, mineralization with pAsp led directly to the formation of intrafibrillar CaP plates with a spatial distribution gradient through the depth of the matrix. The results illuminate mineral nucleation kinetics and real-time nanoparticle distributions within organic matrices in solutions containing body fluid components. Because the macroscale mechanical properties of collagen matrices depend on their mineral content, phase, and arrangement at the nanoscale, this study contributes to better design and fabrication of biomaterials for regenerative medicine.
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