Mo–V/g-C3N4 with strong electron donating capacity and abundant oxygen vacancies for low-temperature aerobic oxidative desulfurization

Mo-V/g-C₃N₄ with varying oxygen vacancy contents were prepared via successive H₂ and NaBH₄ reduction. The oxygen vacancies could enhance oxygen adsorption while π-conjugated g-C₃N₄ support could promote surface electron transfer capacity, both facilitating the activation of oxygen into reactive oxygen species superoxide radicals. The catalyst achieves 100% aerobic oxidative desulfurization performance at 80 °C.