Recent functionality developments in Montmorillonite as a nanofiller in food packaging

Nanofillers in food packaging materials have gained significant attention in recent years due to their ability to improve various properties such as barrier properties, mechanical strength, and antimicrobial activity. Montmorillonite (MMT), a naturally occurring clay mineral, has emerged as a promising nanofiller for food packaging applications. MMT possesses unique characteristics such as a large surface area, high aspect ratio, and excellent dispersibility, which make it an ideal candidate for reinforcing polymer matrices in food packaging. The exfoliation and dispersion of montmorillonite within polymer matrices lead to the formation of nanocomposites, which exhibit enhanced mechanical properties, reduced gas permeability, and improved thermal stability compared to pristine polymer films. This review explores cutting-edge research on the incorporation of MMT into biodegradable and active packaging systems, paving the way for eco-friendly and functional packaging solutions. Furthermore, the paper discusses the modification of MMT, offering new methods and techniques to tailor its properties for specific packaging applications. Notably, it also addresses safety issues and legislation related to MMT use in food packaging, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory landscape. By consolidating these essential aspects into one paper, this study provides a holistic and distinctive contribution to the field of food packaging, laying the foundation for future advancements in sustainable and high-performance packaging materials. The incorporation of MMT into food packaging materials has been shown to enhance the barrier properties against oxygen, moisture, and volatile compounds, thus extending the shelf life of packaged food products. Additionally, MMT nanofillers exhibit inherent antimicrobial properties, which can inhibit the growth of microorganisms and reduce the risk of food spoilage. Furthermore, using MMT-nanocomposites in food packaging can provide a sustainable alternative by reducing the dependency on non-renewable fossil-based polymers.