Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and excessive autophagy by Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula via a CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway contributes to protect pancreatic β-cells

Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula (JTTF), a traditional Chinese herbal decoction, exhibits the potential to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and excessive autophagy, which are the risk factors for the abnormal development and progression of β cells.