Effect of natural agents on the bond strength to eroded dentin

Abstract Objective This study evaluated the effect of bromelain and propolis extract on the bond strength (BS) of a universal adhesive system to eroded dentin. Materials and Method s Sixty human molars with exposed dentin were halved, with one half protected by composite resin and the other subjected to erosive treatment followed by remineralization. After the erosive treatment, the composite resin was removed, and the teeth were randomly assigned to three groups ( n = 20): Adhesive‐Control System; Br‐10%; Pr‐16%. Following the treatments, composite resin blocks were built on the dentin surfaces and sticks of 0.9 mm2 were obtained and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h and 6 months. After these periods, the sticks underwent bond strength testing and the data were analyzed using 2‐way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, p < 0.05. Fracture patterns were observed using light microscope and scanning electron microscopy. Results Irrespective of the substrate and aging duration, propolis demonstrated higher BS ( p < 0.05) compared to the other treatments. Eroded dentin exhibited greater removal of the smear layer and dentinal tubules with a larger diameter than sound dentin, especially when treated with bromelain, resulting in the formation of resin tags. Conclusions Propolis consistently promoted the highest bond strength, irrespective of aging or substrate. Eroded dentin treated with propolis, or bromelain exhibited a higher prevalence of non‐adhesive fractures and resin tag formation. Clinical Significance Propolis shows promise for enhancing the longevity of adhesive restorations in eroded dentin due to its ability to promote high bond strength.