Abstract Thermodynamics of boehmite formation upon hydrothermal treatment of micron-size particles of hydrargillite and γ-Al2O3 at 200°C in various media has been studied at various treatment times. The presence of surface-bound water with low evaporation enthalpy value at the initial stages of precursor hydrothermal treatment has been revealed. It has been shown that, irrespective of precursor and hydrothermal treatment medium, the prepared boehmite has similar properties