Orthodontic treatment of periodontal defects. Part II: a systematic review on human and animal studies

Several studies have been published focusing on the possibility to treat patients affected by periodontal defects by means of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of the orthodontic treatment applied to the therapy of infraosseous defects, gingival recessions, and furcation lesions. An electronic and a manual search were performed based on a PICO assessment worksheet. Both human and animal studies were selected for this review. The electronic search (from January 1966 to December 2009) and the hand search (from January 1988 to December 2009) were conducted by 3 independent reviewers. A total of 197 articles were found and only 29 were considered eligible for this review. In particular, 22 studies dealing with infrabony defects, 1 gingival recession, and 6 furcation defect treatments. Due to the weak evidence and the controversial and unclear results, it appears important to encourage the researchers to produce Randomized Controlled clinical Trials aimed to investigate the efficacy of the orthodontic treatment for the correction of periodontal defects.