Fluid–solid–acoustic interactions of underwater vehicles: A review

As one of the major tools to explore the ocean, underwater vehicles have been widely used in the field of ocean observation and exploration, as well as underwater rescue. However, hydrodynamic noise caused by fluid–solid–acoustic interactions greatly interferes with the acoustic stealth, ocean detection, and background noise monitoring of underwater vehicles. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out effective low noise optimization, drag reduction, vibration reduction, and noise reduction technology. This article provides a comprehensive introduction to key technologies involved in the study of fluid–solid–acoustic interactions for underwater vehicles. The relevant studies on the hydrodynamic noise of underwater vehicles in recent years were reviewed. The underwater vehicles are divided into three categories according to their shape and driving mode, and the studies on fluid–solid–acoustic interactions are summarized in detail. The physical mechanisms involved in fluid–solid–acoustic interactions were analyzed in detail from the perspectives of fluid, solid, and acoustic. Finally, the future directions of the research on fluid–solid–acoustic interactions of underwater vehicles are prospected, guiding the subsequent research.