3D printed bioceramic scaffolds: Adjusting pore dimension is beneficial for mandibular bone defects repair

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineVolume 16, Issue 4 p. 409-421 RESEARCH ARTICLE 3D printed bioceramic scaffolds: Adjusting pore dimension is beneficial for mandibular bone defects repair Hongling Qin, Hongling Qin orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-8568 Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: ​Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this authorYingming Wei, Yingming Wei Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Data curation, Writing - original draftSearch for more papers by this authorJiayin Han, Jiayin Han Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this authorXiaojian Jiang, Xiaojian Jiang Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Formal analysisSearch for more papers by this authorXianyan Yang, Xianyan Yang Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Contribution: VisualizationSearch for more papers by this authorYanmin Wu, Yanmin Wu Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: SupervisionSearch for more papers by this authorZhongru Gou, Corresponding Author Zhongru Gou zhrgou@zju.edu.cn Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Lili Chen, Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88#, Hangzhou 310008, China. Email: chenlili_1030@zju.edu.cn Zhongru Gou, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Email: zhrgou@zju.edu.cn Contribution: Conceptualization, Project administration, Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this authorLili Chen, Corresponding Author Lili Chen chenlili_1030@zju.edu.cn Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Lili Chen, Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88#, Hangzhou 310008, China. Email: chenlili_1030@zju.edu.cn Zhongru Gou, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Email: zhrgou@zju.edu.cn Contribution: Conceptualization, Project administration, Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this author Hongling Qin, Hongling Qin orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-8568 Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: ​Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this authorYingming Wei, Yingming Wei Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Data curation, Writing - original draftSearch for more papers by this authorJiayin Han, Jiayin Han Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this authorXiaojian Jiang, Xiaojian Jiang Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Formal analysisSearch for more papers by this authorXianyan Yang, Xianyan Yang Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Contribution: VisualizationSearch for more papers by this authorYanmin Wu, Yanmin Wu Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Contribution: SupervisionSearch for more papers by this authorZhongru Gou, Corresponding Author Zhongru Gou zhrgou@zju.edu.cn Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Lili Chen, Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88#, Hangzhou 310008, China. Email: chenlili_1030@zju.edu.cn Zhongru Gou, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Email: zhrgou@zju.edu.cn Contribution: Conceptualization, Project administration, Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this authorLili Chen, Corresponding Author Lili Chen chenlili_1030@zju.edu.cn Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Lili Chen, Department of Periodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88#, Hangzhou 310008, China. Email: chenlili_1030@zju.edu.cn Zhongru Gou, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Email: zhrgou@zju.edu.cn Contribution: Conceptualization, Project administration, Writing - review & editingSearch for more papers by this author First published: 14 February 2022 https://doi.org/10.1002/term.3287Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Bioceramic scaffolds for repairing mandibular bone defects have considerable effects, whereas pore architecture in porous scaffolds on osteogenesis in specific structures is still controversial. Herein 6 mol% magnesium-substituted calcium silicate scaffolds were fabricated with similar porosity (∼58%) but different cylindrical pore dimensions (Ø 480, 600, and 720 μm) via digital light processing-based three-dimensional (3D) printing technique. The mechanical properties, bioactive ion release, and bio-dissolution of the bioceramic scaffolds were evaluated in vitro, and the facilitation of scaffolds on bone formation was investigated after implanting in vivo. The results showed that as the pore dimension increased, the scaffolds indicated similar surface microstructures, but their compressive strength was enhanced gradually. There was no significant difference in vitro bio-dissolution between the 480 and 600 μm groups, whereas the 720 μm group showed a much slower dissolution and ion release. Interestingly, the two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) micro-CT reconstruction analysis of rabbits' mandibular bone defects model showed that the 600 μm group exhibited evidently higher ratio of the newly formed bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) and trabecular number (Tb. N) values and lower ratio of the scaffolds residual volume to total volume (RV/TV) compare to the other two sizes. Furthermore, the histological analysis also revealed a considerably higher new bone ingrowth rate in the 600 μm group than the other two groups at 4–12 weeks post-implantation. Totally, it is proved from these experimental studies that the DLP-based accurately fabricated calcium (Ca) silicate bioceramic scaffolds with appropriate pore dimensions (i.e., 600 μm in pore size) are promising to guide new bone ingrowth and thus accelerate the regeneration and repair of cranial maxillofacial or periodontal bone defects. Open Research DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description term3287-sup-0001-suppl-data.docx243.7 KB Supplementary Material 1 term3287-sup-0002-suppl-data.txt13.2 KB Supplementary Material 2 Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Volume16, Issue4April 2022Pages 409-421 RelatedInformation