海马结构
海马体
小胶质细胞
肿瘤坏死因子α
消光(光学矿物学)
神经炎症
人参皂苷Rg1
脂多糖
神经科学
药理学
医学
化学
人参皂甙
心理学
炎症
内分泌学
内科学
人参
病理
矿物学
替代医学
作者
Zhengrong Zhang,Zhujin Song,Fengming Shen,Pan Xie,Juan Wang,Aisong Zhu,Guoqi Zhu
标识
DOI:10.1007/s12035-020-02213-9
摘要
Ginsenoside Rg1 is efficient to prevent or treat mental disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are still not known. In this study, single-prolonged stress (SPS) regime, as well as injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was used to produce PTSD-like behaviors in C57 mice, and the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 (10, 20, 40 mg/kg/d, ip, for 14 days) on PTSD-like behaviors were evaluated. Our results showed that ginsenoside Rg1 promoted fear extinction and prevented depression-like behaviors in both LPS and SPS models. Importantly, ginsenoside Rg1 alleviated LPS- or SPS-stimulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), activation of astrocytes and microglia, and reduction of hippocampal synaptic proteins (PSD95, Arc, and GluA1). Ginsenoside Rg1 also reduced the increase of hippocampal Kir4.1 and GluN2A induced by PTSD regime. Importantly, reducing hippocampal astroglial Kir4.1 expression promoted fear extinction and improved depression-like behaviors in LPS-treated mice. Additionally, intracerebroventricular injection of TNF-α caused an impairment of fear extinction and promoted Kir4.1 expression in the hippocampus. Together, our study reveals novel protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 against PTSD-like behaviors in mice, likely via promoting synaptic proteins, reducing Kir4.1 and TNF-α in the hippocampus.
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