Hydrophones, fundamental features, design considerations, and various structures: A review

This paper presents a comprehensive review of hydrophones, their design considerations, physical aspects, and structures by reviewing many publications that have been published over the last two decades. The investigation of the fundamental aspects and essential considerations of hydrophones in the literature are distributed in different papers and have not been brought together in a conclusive manner. This paper has collected and classified all the information about hydrophones including the parameters that affect their performance as well as their features. We have categorized the hydrophones according to their mechanism of operation, structure design, frequency response, and application. The literature has been summarized in a way that enables the readers' easy referral to appropriate designs for their desired application scenarios.