材料科学
阳极
纳米棒
合金
锡
电化学
电池(电)
涂层
电极
化学工程
离子
复合数
钠离子电池
纳米技术
复合材料
冶金
化学
法拉第效率
物理化学
功率(物理)
有机化学
工程类
物理
量子力学
作者
Yihang Liu,Yunhua Xu,Yujie Zhu,James N. Culver,Cynthia A. Lundgren,Kang Xu,Chunsheng Wang
出处
期刊:ACS Nano
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2013-03-20
卷期号:7 (4): 3627-3634
被引量:281
摘要
Designed as a high-capacity alloy host for Na-ion chemistry, a forest of Sn nanorods with a unique core–shell structure was synthesized on viral scaffolds, which were genetically engineered to ensure a nearly vertical alignment upon self-assembly onto a metal substrate. The interdigital spaces thus formed between individual rods effectively accommodated the volume expansion and contraction of the alloy upon sodiation/desodiation, while additional carbon-coating engineered over these nanorods further suppressed Sn aggregation during extended electrochemical cycling. Due to the unique nanohierarchy of multiple functional layers, the resultant 3D nanoforest of C/Sn/Ni/TMV1cys, binder-free composite electrode already and evenly assembled on a stainless steel current collector, exhibited supreme capacity utilization and cycling stability toward Na-ion storage and release. An initial capacity of 722 mA·h (g Sn)−1 along with 405 mA·h (g Sn)−1 retained after 150 deep cycles demonstrates the longest-cycling nano-Sn anode material for Na-ion batteries reported in the literature to date and marks a significant performance improvement for neat Sn material as alloy host for Na-ion chemistry.
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