A New Xanthone from Mangrove Sediment‐Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41430 with Cytotoxic Activity

One new xanthone derivative, sterigmatocystoic acid (1), and 16 known natural products (2−17) were obtained from the fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41430, which was isolated from mangrove sediment. The structure of the new compound was established based on 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis. Compounds 1−17 were evaluated for cytotoxic and phosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4) inhibitory activities. Compound 1 displayed cytotoxic activities against all tested lines A549, SNB‐19, MDA‐MB‐231, PC3, HCT‐116 and MDA‐MB‐435, with IC50 values of 7.52±0.73 to 39.06±3.59 µM. And compound 6 displayed selective cytotoxic activities against A549, MDA‐MB‐231, HCT‐116 and MDA‐MB‐435, with IC50 values of 25.57±2.08 to 37.51±0.73 µM. Compound 5 exhibited obvious inhibition on PDE4 at 10 µM, with inhibition rate of 40%. The obtained results highlighted the immense potential of the mangrove wetland ecosystem to yield novel natural products as well as bioactive compounds.