A New Xanthone From Mangrove Sediment‐Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41430 With Cytotoxic Activity

ABSTRACT One new xanthone derivative, sterigmatocystoic acid ( 1 ), and 16 known natural products ( 2 − 17 ) were obtained from the fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41430, which was isolated from mangrove sediment. The structure of the new compound was established based on one‐ and two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analysis. Compounds 1 − 17 were evaluated for cytotoxic and phosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4) inhibitory activities. Compound 1 displayed cytotoxic activities against all tested lines A549, SNB‐19, MDA‐MB‐231, PC3, HCT‐116, and MDA‐MB‐435, with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values of 7.52 ± 0.73–39.06 ± 3.59 µM. Compound 6 displayed selective cytotoxic activities against A549, MDA‐MB‐231, HCT‐116, and MDA‐MB‐435, with IC 50 values of 25.57 ± 2.08–37.51 ± 0.73 µM. Compound 5 exhibited obvious inhibition on PDE4 at 10 µM, with an inhibition rate of 40%. The obtained results highlighted the immense potential of the mangrove wetland ecosystem to yield novel natural products as well as bioactive compounds.