电解质
化学
阳极
水溶液
无机化学
溶剂化
二甲氧基乙烷
电化学
成核
离子
电极
物理化学
有机化学
作者
Kang Zhou,Zhi Li,Xue Qiu,Zhiqing Yu,Yonggang Wang
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202309594
摘要
Abstract Aqueous Zn batteries are attracting extensive attentions, but their application is still hindered by H 2 O‐induced Zn‐corrosion and hydrogen evolution reactions. Addition of organic solvents into aqueous electrolytes to limit the H 2 O activity is a promising solution, but at the cost of greatly reduced Zn anode kinetics. Here we propose a simple strategy for this challenge by adding 50 mM iodine ions into an organic‐water (1,2‐dimethoxyethane (DME)+water) hybrid electrolyte, which enables the electrolyte simultaneously owns the advantages of low H 2 O activity and accelerated Zn kinetics. We demonstrate that the DME breaks the H 2 O hydrogen‐bond network and exclude H 2 O from Zn 2+ solvation shell. And the I − is firmly adsorbed on the Zn anode, reducing the Zn 2+ de‐solvation barrier from 74.33 kJ mol −1 to 32.26 kJ mol −1 and inducing homogeneous nucleation behavior. With such electrolyte, the Zn//Zn symmetric cell exhibits a record high cycling lifetime (14.5 months) and achieves high Zn anode utilization (75.5 %). In particular, the Zn//VS 2 @SS full cell with the optimized electrolyte stably cycles for 170 cycles at a low N : P ratio (3.64). Even with the cathode mass‐loading of 16.7 mg cm −2 , the full cell maintains the areal capacity of 0.96 mAh cm −2 after 1600 cycles.
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