Screened potential dsRNA targets in the digestive system of adult flea beetle Phyllotreta striolata: psJHBP‐like and psaaNAT‐like for enhancing RNAi pest control

Abstract BACKGROUND The flea beetle Phyllotreta striolata is a major pest of Cruciferae crops, exhibiting strong resistance to chemical pesticides. RNA interference (RNAi) has evolved into an innovative method for managing pests. This study aims to evaluate the potential of spray‐induced gene silencing (SIGS) as a management strategy for P. striolata by targeting genes involved in its digestive system. RESULTS Transcriptomic analysis indicated a notable enrichment of genes related to nutrient metabolism, substrate synthesis, and energy metabolism within the digestive tract of P. striolata . Based on these findings, two genes, psJHBP‐like and psaaNAT‐like , were selected as target candidates because of their high expression in the gut. Feeding beetles double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) solutions led to effective gene silencing and mortality, particularly at a concentration of 1000 ng/μL. RNAi also induced morphological changes in gut tissue cells. However, high dsRNA concentrations (above 1000 ng/μL) triggered slight avoidance behavior in the beetles. Leaf‐coating experiments further demonstrated a reduction in leaf damage and changes in fecal morphology following dsRNA treatment, suggesting the disruption of normal digestive processes. CONCLUSION The results indicate that dsRNA aimed at genes expressed in the digestive system, such as psJHBP‐like and psaaNAT‐like , holds considerable promise for pest management in P. striolata . To improve the effectiveness of RNAi‐based pest management strategies, it is critical to optimize target genes and the concentrations of dsRNA. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.