A Simplified Operation for the Endovascular Perforation Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

The endovascular perforation model is commonly utilized as a method to simulate subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in experimental studies. Comprehensive and reliable as it is, it requires complicated techniques. This protocol simplifies the model in some detail, combined with neurological scoring. We use a nylon suture to loop and pull the common carotid artery (CCA) to block blood flow temporarily other than traditional ligation, which offers a clear operative field. The utilization of the electrocautery pen to fuse the blood vessels reduces the risk of bleeding. Moreover, we use a filament with a black mark to make it easy to determine the depth of the puncture. The unimpeded advancement of the black marker past the carotid bifurcation, where the common carotid artery (CCA) diverges into the internal carotid artery (ICA), accompanied by minimal resistance, indicates that the filament has successfully traversed to the intracranial junction of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA). This phenomenon signifies the filament's positioning at a critical cerebrovascular convergence point. Then, slightly advancing the filament forward to puncture the blood vessel allows easier operation for endovascular perforation in mice, thereby facilitating the application of the endovascular perforation model in genetically modified mice. This can be very crucial for molecular research and pharmaceutical research and development.