Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia: a systematic review of the imaging protocol and diagnostic accuracy

Question Accurate identification of the anatomical cause of trigeminal neuralgia is clinically important, but variable MRI protocols result in inconsistent diagnostic accuracy. Findings Advanced MRI sequences and higher field strength improve visualization of neurovascular conflict, although interobserver variability and limited clinical correlation remain major challenges. Clinical relevance Standardized magnetic resonance imaging protocols and clearer interpretation criteria may enhance diagnostic confidence and assist treatment planning in patients with suspected trigeminal neuralgia, particularly when surgical intervention is considered to relieve severe, medication-resistant facial pain.