From biomass to biopolymer: strategic development of PEF for sustainable material solutions

Abstract Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) is a promising biobased polymer that offers a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum‐derived plastics. It is synthesized through the polymerization of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) andmonoethylene glycol (MEG), both of which can be derived from renewable biomass resources such as lignocellulosic feedstock, corn, and wheat. Its chemical structure introduces rigid furan rings that enhance its mechanical and thermal properties in comparison with polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyethylene furanoate possesses good barrier properties, excellent thermal stability, and low gas permeability, making it a suitable candidate for various applications, including packaging, textiles, and automotive components. This review provides an overview of the synthesis pathways for PEF, including chemical, biosynthesis, and emerging electrochemical methods. The environmental benefits of PEF are explored, emphasizing its lower carbon footprint, higher recyclability, and potential to replace PET in various industrial applications. The review also discusses the current challenges in scaling up PEF production, such as the high cost of FDCA, the need for efficient catalysts, and the optimization of polymerization processes. The article also examines the future outlook for PEF, considering its role in advancing green chemistry, circular economy initiatives, and sustainable polymer innovations. By integrating biobased monomers and innovative production techniques, PEF represents significant progress in reducing the environmental impact of polymer production and advancing the field of green chemistry.